And john lawrence lee



g York, haveinvented a new and useful Improve- 45 sack continuously or at intervals; and the JOSEPH Gr. HILL, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, AND JOHN LANRENOE LEE,

7 OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; SAID HILL ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN HEAT- ING AND POWER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PACKING FOR UNDERG ROUND STEAM-MAINS.-

SPECIFIGATION. forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,065, dated May 16, 1882.

Application filed December 16, 1881. (No model.)

To all whomt't may concern Beit known that we, JOSEPH GIBnoNs HILL, of :Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, and JOHN LAWRENGE LEE, of the city of New ment in Packing for Underground Steam- Mains and other Purposes, which is fully set forth in the following specification.

The object of this invention is the more per- IO feet insuiation of steam or hot-water pipes, or

pipes containing other heated bodies, to prevent loss of heat by radiation and conduction and prevent the conduction of moisture. The invention is broadly applicable wherever these ends'i. e., non-conduction of heat and exclusion of moisture-are desired. Many non-couductors-such as asbestus,'mineral wool, felt, paper, &c.-have been used with more or less success; but all haverequired absolutely wa- 2o tor-proof envelopes to prevent absorption of moisture when used where contact of moisture may occur, as when laidunder ground.

The present invention consists in the use of lamp-black, which repels moisture and is at 2 5 the same time an excellent non conductor. Various modes of application may be used. One method is compression to a greater'or less extent of lamp-black in bags of woven material rendered incombustible by a solution of alum, or in any other Well-known way, compressed to a uniform thickness and of any required length, the width to correspond with the circumference of the pipe, with a loose flap, rendered adhesive and water-proof at the same time on one of the edges, by means of which the bags containing the lamp-black may be drawn around the pipes, and by giving the, flaps a uniform thickness of the insulating material may be set around the pipe, and the point of junction being water-proof prevents moisture being carried to the pipe by capillary attraction in the containing-envelope. It may bethen fastened more securely by wire drawn spirally or otherwise around the insulatingwhole may, if desired, be coated with awaterproof materialor inclosed in a metallic case. These sacks may be of any desired dimensions and applied spirally, then fastened by wiring, &c., and painted with a water-proof material.

. Lamp-black may also be used with otherinsulators, either intimately mingled with them or applied in layers. It may be desirable thus to apply to a surface a layer of mineral wool, asbestus, or other incombustible material,-and' the whole enveloped in lamp-black by any of the methods described; or the lamp-black may be thrown into a brick or other trench, through which pipes requiring insulation pass, completely surrounding them; or sheets of paper rendered incombustible may be used, of dimensions to surround the pipe and leave room vfor the desired thickness of insulating matecombustion orignition. This material may be 7 5 used for purposes of insulation and prevention of radiation and conduction and excluslon of .moisture, wherever such ends are desired; for

ice-water pitchers or reservoirs for preserva' tion of ice, as in sick rooms, where a covering in metallic or other case filled with this material may be placed over the vessel containing ice or to retain beatin soups or cooked dishes, where it would be well to intnoduce a nonconducting rim, so that the metal, if metal be used, may not be continuous from the interior to the exterior.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figurel shows the manner of applying the lamp-black packing 9o by'means of a bag, as above described. Fig.

2 is a view in perspective of the section of a main or pipe with packing applied. Fig. 3 is a similar view of a pipe-section wrapped spirally with a long bag filled with the non-conducting material; and Fig. 4 is a view in vertical cross-section, showing an underground main jacketed and embedded in lamp-black, filling the trench wherein it is placed.

A is the pipe or main; B, a bag; 0, a flap; IOO

D D D non-conducting fillings or masses of lamp-black E, a metal casin g, and F the walls of a trench.

The manner of applying the lamp-black inclosed in bags has already been explained, and the description need not be repeated. The bags enable this material to be applied very -conveniently, notwithstanding its fine state of division.

So far as we are aware, they have never before been used in this manner with any non-conducting packing material, and therefore the invention comprises broadly this means for applying finely-divided packing materials to pipes and mains. The lamp-black under our invention may be used with other non-conductors, mingled as well as in layers.

We are aware that heretofore lamp black has been used simply as a non-conductor of heat; but its use for that purpose broadly is not claimed herein.

Having now fully described our said invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect, what we claim is w 1. Lamp-black as a moisture-repellent packing 'material, substantially as described.

2. Underground mains or pipes jacketed with or enveloped in lamp-black as a heat-retaining moisture-repellent medium, substantially as described.

3. Underground mains or pipes for transmission of steam, hot water, or the like, laid in trenches and embedded in lamp-black, substantially as described.

4. The method of applying finely-divided lamp-black to steam and other pipes, where exposed to moisture or laid intrenches or placed under ground, by filling bags with the same and wrapping the bags around the pipes, substantially as described.

5. Steam or other pipes, where exposed to moisture or laid in trenches or placed under ground, surrounded by bags filled with finelydivided lamp-black, substantially as described.

6. Woven envelopes filled with lamp-black for jacketing steam-pipes and other articles where exposed to moisture or laid in trenches or placed under ground, substantially as described.

7. A heat retaining and waterrepellent jacket for mains, pipes, and other objects, where exposed to moisture or laid in trenches or placed under ground, of lamp-black held in place by woven fabric waterproofed, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J. G. HILL. J. LAWRENCE LEE. Witnesses:

W. H. L. LEE,

JOHN MCGLURE. 

